कोशिश करने वालों की कभी हार नहीं होती।

- हरिवंशराय बच्चन (Harivansh Rai
Bachchan)
लहरों से डर कर नौका पार नहीं होती,
कोशिश करने वालों की कभी हार नहीं होती।
नन्हीं चींटी जब दाना लेकर चलती है,
चढ़ती दीवारों पर, सौ बार फिसलती है।
मन का विश्वास रगों में साहस भरता है,
चढ़कर गिरना, गिरकर चढ़ना न अखरता है।
आख़िर उसकी मेहनत बेकार नहीं होती,
कोशिश करने वालों की कभी हार नहीं होती।
डुबकियां सिंधु में गोताखोर लगाता है,
जा जा कर खाली हाथ लौटकर आता है।
मिलते नहीं सहज ही मोती गहरे पानी में,
बढ़ता दुगना उत्साह इसी हैरानी में।
मुट्ठी उसकी खाली हर बार नहीं होती,
कोशिश करने वालों की कभी हार नहीं होती।
असफलता एक चुनौती है, इसे स्वीकार करो,
क्या कमी रह गई, देखो और सुधार करो।
जब तक न सफल हो, नींद चैन को त्यागो तुम,
संघर्ष का मैदान छोड़ कर मत भागो तुम।
कुछ किये बिना ही जय जय कार नहीं होती,
कोशिश करने वालों की कभी हार नहीं होती।

One Minute !

પાણી વગર હોડી ના ચાલી શકે એ હકીકત છે પણ હોડીમાં પાણી આવી જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે. પૈસા વગર સારી રીતે ના જીવાય એ હકીકત છે, પણ પૈસો માણસને નમાવી જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે. કદરૂપતા માણસને નથી ગમતી એ હકીકત છે, પણ રૂપ માનવીને ફસાવી જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે. સંબંધ વિના માનવી અધુરો છે એ હકીકત છે, પણ પોતાનું માણસ રડાવી જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે. વિશ્વાસ રાખ્યા વગર ચાલતું નથી એ હકીકત છે, પણ કોઈ ખોટો લાભ ઉઠાવી જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે. કોઈ માણસ પોતે સર્વજ્ઞાની નથી એ હકીકત છે, પણ કોઈ અધુરો બહુ છલકાઈ જાય ત્યારે પ્રોબ્લેમ થાય છે...

Transformer

A transformer is a static
electrical device that
transfers energy by inductive
coupling between its
winding circuits. A varying
current in the primary
winding creates a varying
magnetic flux in the
transformer's core and thus
a varying magnetic flux
through the secondary
winding. This varying
magnetic flux induces a
varying electromotive force
(emf) or voltage in the
secondary winding.
Transformers range in size
from thumbnail-sized used
in microphones to units
weighing hundreds of tons
interconnecting the power
grid . A wide range of
transformer designs are used
in electronic and electric
power applications.
Transformers are essential
for the transmission,
distribution , and utilization
of electrical energy .
The transformer is based on
two principles: first, that an
electric current can produce
a magnetic field and second
that a changing magnetic
field within a coil of wire
induces a voltage across the
ends of the coil
(electromagnetic induction).
Changing the current in the
primary coil changes the
magnetic flux that is
developed. The changing
magnetic flux induces a
voltage in the secondary
coil.
Referring to the two figures
here, current passing
through the primary coil
creates a magnetic field. The
primary and secondary coils
are wrapped around a core
of very high magnetic
permeability , usually iron ,[d]
so that most of the magnetic
flux passes through both the
primary and secondary coils.
Any secondary winding
connected load causes
current and voltage
induction from primary to
secondary circuits in
indicated directions.

Gate syllabus

Gate syllabus

Linear Algebra : Matrix Algebra,
Systems of linear equations, Eigen
values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems,
Theorems of integral calculus,
Evaluation of definite and improper
integrals, Partial Derivatives,
Maxima and minima, Multiple
integrals, Fourier series. Vector
identities, Directional derivatives,
Line, Surface and Volume integrals,
Stokes, Gauss and Green’s
theorems.
Differential equations: First order
equation (linear and nonlinear),
Higher order linear differential
equations with constant
coefficients, Method of variation of
parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s
equations, Initial and boundary
value problems, Partial Differential
Equations and variable separable
method.
Complex variables : Analytic
functions, Cauchy’s integral
theorem and integral formula,
Taylor’s and Laurent’ series,
Residue theorem, solution
integrals.
Probability and Statistics :
Sampling theorems, Conditional
probability, Mean, median, mode
and standard deviation, Random
variables, Discrete and continuous
distributions, Poisson,Normal and
Binomial distribution, Correlation
and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods : Solutions of
non-linear algebraic equations,
single and multi-step methods for
differential equations.
Transform Theory : Fourier
transform,Laplace transform, Z-
transform.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Electric Circuits and Fields:
Network graph, KCL, KVL, node and
mesh analysis, transient response
of dc and ac networks; sinusoidal
steady-state analysis, resonance,
basic filter concepts; ideal current
and voltage sources, Thevenin’s,
Norton’s and Superposition and
Maximum Power Transfer
theorems, two-port networks, three
phase circuits; Gauss Theorem,
electric field and potential due to
point, line, plane and spherical
charge distributions; Ampere’s and
Biot-Savart’s laws; inductance;
dielectrics; capacitance.
Signals and Systems:
Representation of continuous and
discrete-time signals; shifting and
scaling operations; linear, time-
invariant and causal systems;
Fourier series representation of
continuous periodic signals;
sampling theorem; Fourier, Laplace
and Z transforms.
Electrical Machines: Single phase
transformer – equivalent circuit,
phasor diagram, tests, regulation
and efficiency; three phase
transformers – connections,
parallel operation; auto-
transformer; energy conversion
principles; DC machines – types,
windings, generator characteristics,
armature reaction and
commutation, starting and speed
control of motors; three phase
induction motors – principles,
types, performance characteristics,
starting and speed control; single
phase induction motors;
synchronous machines –
performance, regulation and
parallel operation of generators,
motor starting, characteristics and
applications; servo and stepper
motors.
Power Systems: Basic power
generation concepts; transmission
line models and performance; cable
performance, insulation; corona
and radio interference; distribution
systems; per-unit quantities; bus
impedance and admittance
matrices; load flow; voltage
control; power factor correction;
economic operation; symmetrical
components; fault analysis;
principles of over-current,
differential and distance
protection; solid state relays and
digital protection; circuit breakers;
system stability concepts, swing
curves and equal area criterion;
HVDC transmission and FACTS
concepts.
Control Systems: Principles of
feedback; transfer function; block
diagrams; steady-state errors;
Routh and Niquist techniques; Bode
plots; root loci; lag, lead and lead-
lag compensation; state space
model; state transition matrix,
controllability and observability.
Electrical and Electronic
Measurements: Bridges and
potentiometers; PMMC, moving
iron, dynamometer and induction
type instruments; measurement of
voltage, current, power, energy and
power factor; instrument
transformers; digital voltmeters
and multimeters; phase, time and
frequency measurement; Q-meters;
oscilloscopes; potentiometric
recorders; error analysis.
Analog and Digital Electronics:
Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET;
amplifiers – biasing, equivalent
circuit and frequency response;
oscillators and feedback amplifiers;
operational amplifiers –
characteristics and applications;
simple active filters; VCOs and
timers; combinational and
sequential logic circuits;
multiplexer; Schmitt trigger; multi-
vibrators; sample and hold circuits;
A/D and D/A converters; 8-bit
microprocessor basics,
architecture, programming and
interfacing.
Power Electronics and Drives:
Semiconductor power diodes,
transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs,
MOSFETs and IGBTs – static
characteristics and principles of
operation; triggering circuits; phase
control rectifiers; bridge converters
– fully controlled and half
controlled; principles of choppers
and inverters; basis concepts of
adjustable speed dc and ac drives.

Gate

http://www.gate.iitb.ac.in/gate2013/ee-syllabus/